In order to support collaborative processing in the business of misdemeanor criminal record elimination across judicial departments, this paper proposes a blockchain-enabled distributed data collaboration model, and implements a consortium blockchain prototype system, which enables application acceptance, condition verification, identity authentication, state synchronization, result writeback and audit tracing to be executed continuously in a unified link. The framework integrates on-chain index management, off-chain controlled record storage, credential authentication, chain code rule execution, and cross-department consistency update. An experimental data set containing 48000 collaborative process samples, 192000 on-chain state events and 144000 audit trail entries is constructed, and the evaluation is completed in a consortium blockchain environment with 13 collaborative nodes. Experimental results show that in E2 environment, the request delay is reduced to 1.53 s, the peak throughput reaches 463 TPS, the state synchronization accuracy is 99.31%, and the audit integrity is 99.79%. The results show that the proposed method can provide a reliable, traceable and consistent implementation path for the misdemeanor criminal record elimination scenario.