Whether and how college mental health education can provide effective support for students’ employment psychology is a question that needs to be answered empirically. Firstly, it is clarified that mental health education includes four core dimensions: curriculum system, penetration and integration, professional resources and supportive atmosphere, and it is hypothesized that it can have a comprehensive effect on the overall college students’ psychology of employment, including mental toughness, anxiety level, self-efficacy, and clarity of decision-making. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was introduced to verify this complex relationship. Based on this model, a questionnaire with 41 measurement items was designed, and the scales used had excellent reliability and validity, with overall Cronbach’s α coefficients of 0.956 and 0.947, respectively. 408 valid questionnaires were returned, revealing that the four dimensions of mental health education had a significant positive impact on college students’ psychology of employment, with a particularly strong effect on campus supportive atmosphere and professional resources (0.423) were particularly prominent, with path coefficients of 0.465 and 0.423. And positive mental health education experience could effectively enhance students’ psychological resilience and self-efficacy in employment, and significantly reduce their employment anxiety level. The factor loadings were 0.743, 0.791, and -0.682, respectively.The final SEM model showed excellent fit with χ²/df=1.967, RMSEA=0.028, and CFI=0.963, which strongly confirmed the theoretical hypotheses.