Against the backdrop of the Belt and Road Initiative, which has promoted extensive cooperation among countries along its routes in the economic, technological, and cultural fields, cross-cultural language education plays a significant role in advancing technology diffusion and realizing sustainable development goals (SDGs); however, most existing studies focus on the relationship between language and cultural communication, lacking discussions on how language education can serve sustainable development in the technology and energy domains—a gap that urgently requires systematic research and theoretical guidance. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between cross-cultural language education and the achievement of SDGs under the Belt and Road Initiative, and to propose new paths for promoting collaboration between the humanities and technology through theoretical analysis and empirical research. Methodologically, the study combines theoretical and empirical approaches to construct an analytical framework centered on language education, technology diffusion, and sustainable development: it employs questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and case studies to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the role of cross-cultural language education in green energy and technology cooperation, while using statistical tools to conduct regression and thematic analyses of the collected data. The results indicate that cross-cultural language education is an important medium for cross-cultural technology diffusion, as it can effectively reduce the negative impacts of language and cultural barriers on international cooperation; in specific areas of technical cooperation, customized language education significantly improves the efficiency of knowledge dissemination and reduces project conflicts, and the integration of technology with language education shows great potential for further enhancing collaboration efficiency and the effectiveness of technology application. In conclusion, this study systematically elaborates on the central role of cross-cultural language education in technology diffusion and the realization of SDGs within the Belt and Road context, providing important insights for educational innovation and international cooperation, and suggests that future studies should broaden the applicability of this research field, strengthen the in-depth integration of technology with language instruction, and optimize the multicultural and multidisciplinary practice model.
