The coordinated efforts of finance and banking serve as the core support for China’s advancement of the rural revitalization strategy. This study is based on relevant data from 30 provincial-level administrative regions in China between 2015 and 2023. The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method was employed to measure the efficiency of fiscal and financial coordination at the provincial level; the global and local Moran’s I indices were used to test the spatial correlation characteristics; and the spatial lag model was applied to analyze the spatial spillover effects. At the national level, the overall efficiency of fiscal and financial coordination has not yet reached the desired state. A small number of provinces, such as Jiangsu and Zhejiang, achieved DEA efficiency. Provinces including Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangdong are close to the efficiency frontier but still have room for further improvement. Many western provinces have long maintained low coordination efficiency, showing a clear trend of agglomeration of inefficiency. With a global Moran’s I index of 0.321 (p < 0.01), there is a significant positive spatial correlation in the provincial coordination efficiency. The Yangtze River Delta region has formed a “high-high” agglomeration spatial pattern, while western provinces like Qinghai and Ningxia exhibit “low-low” agglomeration characteristics. Some high-efficiency provinces appear as “high-low” outliers compared with their surrounding areas. Based on the above research findings, this paper proposes the following policy directions: The eastern region should shift from scale expansion to quality optimization, so as to achieve efficient overall allocation of fiscal and financial resources and strengthen its role in demonstration and leadership. The central region should focus on improving management efficiency and appropriately expanding the scale of relevant investments. The western region should increase fiscal input and financial support, improve the coordinated linkage mechanism, and alleviate resource constraints, so as to enhance the efficiency of advancing rural revitalization.
