The large-scale industrial expansion has exacerbated the ecological vulnerability of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas. This study focuses on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau as the survey area and has carefully developed an evaluation index system suitable for the ecological vulnerability of the region. By integrating statistical data from 2015 to 2024, using the COWA operator method to scientifically weight different indicators, and utilizing multiple parallel regression analysis techniques, a linear regression model was established. This model is used to quantitatively examine the dynamic interaction and collaborative development trajectory between regional ecological environment and economic and social development system. The analysis results indicate that from 2015 to 2024, the overall comprehensive benefits of the ecological and social subsystems of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau have shown an upward trend, while the economic subsystems have shown a downward trend. Although the degree of coupling and coordination between ecological environment and economic and social development has improved, the type of coupling and coordination has shifted from mild imbalance to near imbalance. At the same time, the main constraints of coupling coordination have gradually shifted from the social subsystem to the economic subsystem. Although the ecological environment and economic and social development level of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau have generally improved, the degree of coupling and coordination is still relatively low. Given these observations, it is necessary to continuously improve the policy support framework for regional green development, establish and strengthen the effectiveness evaluation mechanism for green development, prioritize the cultivation and development of professional talent pools, and increase investment in technological innovation in the future.
