The article designs and implements a school-enterprise joint cultivation mode based on the OBE concept and launches a teaching experiment with the finance and economics majors in School H as the research object. Questionnaires and test papers were used to collect data before and after the teaching experiment. The sample t-test data processing method was then used to compare the differences between the traditional cultivation mode and the school-enterprise joint cultivation mode guided by the OBE idea in order to determine whether this cultivation mode satisfies the industrial requirement. With average ratings ranging from 4.2 to 4.8, it was discovered that students in the experimental class outperformed the control group in terms of engaged learning behavior and involvement. Students in the experimental group scored an average of 7.67 points higher than those in the control group on the post-test. Additionally, they significantly outperformed the control group in terms of their capacity for methodical thought. They are considerably better than the later group, with their assessment index score value ranging from 4.34 to 4.70 points. Under the above-mentioned cultivation mode, students will be able to understand the career core literacy in finance and economics in a comprehensive way. Their scores of every index will exceed 4.3 points. Through the school-enterprise joint cultivation mode based on the OBE idea, it is easy to make students integrate themselves with the industry in terms of theories, thinking, and profession.