Ideological and political courses are an important part of moral cultivation and the main way of ideological and political work in colleges and universities. The evaluation of ideological and political education (IPE) is one of the important contents of IPE. Its purpose is to improve the teaching quality of IPE and promote the comprehensive and healthy development of students. This paper studied the evaluation system of IPE based on mobile information system. It proposed a teaching evaluation method based on mobile informatization in colleges and universities and a fuzzy comprehensive appraisal (FCA) method. Based on this research, it analyzed the teaching quality of IPE and conducted a questionnaire survey and experimental analysis. The experimental results of this paper showed that in terms of IPE teaching quality evaluation, 28.3% of students were satisfied with the teaching method of IPE, and 42.4% of students were generally satisfied; 19.5% of the students thought it was average; 9.8% of the students were not satisfied with it. In the evaluation of the quality of IPE teachers, students thought that the ideological cultivation of IPE teachers was particularly important, accounting for 67.2%; the sense of responsibility accounted for 42.7%; the teaching ability accounted for 41.6%; personality charm accounted for 35.1%; academic attainments accounted for 31.3%. In terms of teaching suggestions for IPE, 32.7% of the students felt that “it is the teacher’s self-cultivation, and the theoretical level and personal charm play a key role in improving the effect of the classroom”; 43.6% of the students felt that “the teaching content and method are the key”; 23.7% of the students felt that “the key is to depend on whether students want to take this type of course”. The analysis of these conclusions based on the mobile information system showed that IPE courses need to be improved in all aspects. At the same time, the feedback between teachers and students on teaching quality information should be handled well.