There are two kinds of fading models for large and small scale fading in the propagation process of electromagnetic waves, and this paper analyzes the root-mean-square delay expansion and Les K factor of two kinds of small scale fading characteristics under line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight scenarios channels by combining the statistical method with the fitting. A channel model library is established, and multiple large-scale fading models are used to compare the residual sum of squares and the goodness of fit to analyze the large-scale fading characteristics in HF signal transmission. Combined with the performance of the characteristics existing in HF signal transmission, we propose a wireless channel multipath identification algorithm based on D-S evidence theory, analyze the algorithm operation flow, and test the algorithm for multi-channel scene identification. The CDF of the rms delay extensions under the line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight scene channels can be fitted well with shape parameters of 0.727 and 0.272 and scale parameters of 655.33 and 1173.83, respectively. The CDFs of the Rice K factors for the 2 scenarios fit the normal distribution well, with standard deviations less than 3 dB. The wireless channel multipath identification algorithm based on D-S evidence theory can improve the wireless signal transmission identification and optimize the frequency response of wireless signal transmission.
