In this study, system factors that can reflect urban traffic congestion are screened in an all-round way, and an urban transportation system dynamics model covering multiple subsystems is constructed. The analytical equations of each subsystem module are established to improve the reliability of the model structure and the simulation of urban traffic congestion management. The evaluation index system of urban traffic congestion is established, and the weights of the indexes are calculated using the objective weighting method (CRITIC), and the traffic congestion index is calculated by combining with the method of the distance between superior and inferior solutions (TOPSIS), so as to measure the ideal solution distance of each management scheme and judge the mitigation effect on urban traffic congestion. In the system dynamics simulation experiments of the three management schemes, the urban vehicle diversion equilibrium degree of the congestion charge scheme with [10,15) yuan is optimal [0.01,0.09]. Meanwhile, the traffic congestion index of this scheme is only 0.14 by using TOPSIS calculation, which is the best capacity of traffic congestion management.
